As someone who loves research and wants to pursue higher qualifications, you must be thinking of pursuing a PhD or an MPhil Degree. Both of these degrees focus on research, but they are different in many ways.
But as per the UGC guidelines, the MPhil Degree is no longer valid, but even if you are still curious to know about the difference between PhD Vs MPhil, we have covered it in this guide.
In this blog, we will compare PhD and MPhil to help you understand their key differences. We’ll cover everything from what each degree is about, how they’re structured, eligibility criteria, and the career options they open up.
What Is A PhD Degree?
A PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) is the highest academic qualification in any field that involves in-depth research. PhD programs are designed for those who want to contribute to their field.
In a PhD program, you spend 3 to 7 years researching and working on a thesis. This thesis is a long paper where you present your original research and findings. The goal of a PhD is to create new knowledge that wasn’t known before.
What Is MPhil Degree?
An MPhil (Master of Philosophy) is a postgraduate research degree between a Master’s degree and a PhD. It’s designed for students who want to focus on research, but don’t want to commit to the long duration and depth of a PhD program.
An MPhil usually takes about 2 to 5 years to complete. During this time, students spend most of their time doing research and writing a dissertation.
PhD Vs MPhil: Course Comparison
Aspect | PhD | MPhil |
Duration | 3 to 6 years | 2 to 5 years |
Eligibility | Master’s degree or equivalent with a strong academic background | Bachelor’s degree in the specialty you want to pursue. |
Course Structure | Mostly research with very little coursework | Some coursework + research |
Research Focus | In-depth, original research that adds new knowledge | Research based on existing knowledge, but not as deep |
Research Depth | Very deep and focuses on creating new ideas or solutions | Less deep research, focuses on learning research methods |
Thesis | A PhD thesis that introduces new ideas and is defended before experts | A MPhil dissertation that shows research skills, but not as original |
Career Path | Jobs in universities, research institutes, high-level consulting, and leadership roles | Jobs in college teaching, research roles, or government research |
Career Opportunities | Higher positions in academia, research, industry, and consulting | Research or teaching jobs in colleges or research institutes |
Recognition | Globally recognized as the highest academic achievement, and you are considered an expert | Respected, but not as high-ranking as a PhD. Good for those wanting research or teaching roles |
Research Independence | Independent research, with minimal supervision | More guided research, with help from professors |
Cost | Higher cost due to longer duration and research needs | Lower cost because it’s a shorter program |
What Are The Key Differences Between MPhil And PhD?
- Research Depth:
A PhD involves original, in-depth research that contributes new knowledge to your field. While an MPhil is more about exploring existing knowledge and adding smaller insights.
- Duration:
A PhD is a longer degree as it takes around 3 to 6 years to complete. But MPhil is shorter as it usually takes 2 to 5 years.
- Purpose:
A PhD Degree aims to make you an expert in your field with new research. While an MPhil Degree helps you build research skills and is often a step towards a PhD.
- Thesis:
A PhD requires a detailed and comprehensive thesis based on original research. While an MPhil requires a shorter thesis with less complex research.
- Career Opportunities:
A PhD opens doors to teaching, research, and higher-level academic positions. And MPhil can be useful for research roles but is not as widely recognized as a PhD.
- Academic Recognition:
A PhD degree is considered the highest academic degree and widely respected. While MPhil is also respected, but doesn’t have the same recognition as a PhD.
MPhil vs PhD: Eligibility Criteria
PhD Eligibility:
- You need a Master’s degree (or its equivalent) in the relevant field of study.
- A strong academic record is essential, as admissions to PhD programs are competitive.
- Most universities require candidates to pass an entrance exam (such as UGC NET, CSIR NET, or university-specific exams) followed by an interview.
MPhil Eligibility:
- You just need a Bachelor’s degree in the relevant field of study.
- Some universities may also involve an entrance exam or an interview to assess your research interests and potential.
Advantages and Disadvantages of PhD Degree
Advantages of PhD:
- Expert in Your Field
A PhD helps you become an expert in a specific area as you will have in-depth knowledge and the ability to teach or research at the highest level in your field. - Better Career Opportunities
PhD holders can work in universities, research centers, and even top corporations. You’ll have access to higher-paying jobs and senior positions in both academia and the industry. - International Recognition
A PhD is well-respected around the world. If you’re passionate about your field, this degree can open doors for international opportunities and collaborations. - Higher Salary
PhD holders generally earn more than those with a Master’s degree. In many sectors like academia, research, and technology, a PhD can bring a higher income and better career benefits. - Make a Difference
With a PhD, you’ll get the chance to create new knowledge and solve important problems. Your research can lead to real-world changes that improve society.
Disadvantages of PhD:
- Takes a Long Time
A PhD usually takes around 3 to 6 years to complete, which can delay your entry into the job market. It requires a lot of time and effort, which makes it a long-term commitment. - Stressful and Challenging
PhD requires more time and is mentally demanding so you need to do original research and defend your findings, which can be very stressful and sometimes exhausting. - Less Social Time
PhD students often focus only on their research, leaving them with less time for social activities, hobbies, or even family time. - Tough to Get In
PhD programs are very competitive, and getting accepted into a good program can be challenging. You need to have a solid academic background, a strong research idea, and sometimes pass an entrance exam. - Limited Academic Jobs
While a PhD opens doors in academia, there are fewer permanent faculty positions available. Many PhD holders may have to work in temporary or post-doctoral roles before landing a permanent academic job.
Advantages and Disadvantages of MPhil Degree
Advantages of MPhil:
- Shorter Duration
MPhil programs are usually completed in 2 to 5 years, which is much quicker than a PhD. This means you can finish your research and start working sooner. - Good Research Experience
The MPhil program gives you solid experience in doing research. You’ll learn the process of gathering data, analyzing it, and writing a dissertation, which can help in your career. - Stepping Stone to PhD
If you’re not sure whether you want to commit to a PhD, an MPhil can be a great starting point. You can always upgrade to a PhD later if you enjoy the research process. - Career Opportunities in Teaching and Research
With an MPhil, you can still find teaching positions in colleges or work as a researcher in academic institutions or industries. It provides a solid foundation for a career in education and research. - Less Stressful
The research required for an MPhil is not as difficult as a PhD. You won’t face as much pressure to publish or make new contributions to your field, making it a more manageable option.
Disadvantages of MPhil:
- Not as Recognized as a PhD
Although an MPhil is respected, it’s not as highly regarded as a PhD. In academia and research, a PhD is often seen as more prestigious. - Fewer Career Options
MPhil holders might have fewer career opportunities compared to PhD graduates. High-level research jobs and senior academic positions usually require a PhD. - Less In-Depth Research
The research done in an MPhil is not as deep or original as in a PhD. As a result, your work might have a smaller impact in your field. - Limited Job Growth
With an MPhil, you may find it harder to move up in your career. PhD holders have more job advancement opportunities, especially in competitive research or academic roles.
Career Options After MPhil And PhD Degree
Career Options After PhD:
- University Professor: With a PhD, you can become a professor or lecturer at a university or college. You’ll teach students, conduct research, and share your knowledge in your area of expertise.
- Research Scientist: If you love research, a PhD allows you to work as a research scientist in a lab or company. You’ll work on solving big problems and finding discoveries in your field.
- Consultant: Many PhD graduates work as consultants. They use their deep knowledge to help companies or organizations solve specific problems or improve their business.
- Policy Advisor: PhD holders in areas like political science, economics, or social sciences can become policy advisors. You’ll help governments or organizations make decisions based on your research and knowledge.
- Entrepreneur: Some PhD holders start their businesses. If you have a great idea from your research, a PhD can help you turn it into a successful company.
Career Options After MPhil:
- College Lecturer: After completing an MPhil, you can become a lecturer or assistant professor at a college or university. You’ll teach students, mainly at the undergraduate level.
- Research Assistant: With an MPhil, you can work as a research assistant. This means helping senior researchers gather data and support research projects at universities or private companies.
- Content Writer or Editor: If you studied a subject like literature, media, or social sciences, you can work as a content writer or editor. You’ll write articles, blogs, or even work with companies on their communications.
- Government Researcher: You could also work as a researcher in government institutions. Here, you’ll help with studies on social, environmental, or economic issues.
- Corporate Researcher: Many companies hire people with research skills. As an MPhil graduate, you could work as a corporate researcher in industries like marketing, finance, or technology to help companies understand their markets or improve products.
- Public Relations or Communications Specialist: If you have an MPhil in social sciences or media, you might work in public relations or communications. You’ll help companies or organizations manage their image and communicate with the public.
PhD Vs MPhil: Which One Is Good?
If you’re trying to decide between a PhD and an MPhil, it depends on what you want to achieve. Here’s a simple guide to help you choose:
A PhD is a great choice if:
- You are passionate about doing deep research.
- You want a long-term career as a professor, researcher, or expert in your field.
- You’re ready to commit several years (around 3 to 6 years) to study and research.
Note: MPhil Programs Are No Longer Valid
MPhil programs are no longer valid in India starting from the academic year 2020-26 and so on.
According to the latest UGC guidelines, MPhil will no longer be a valid degree in India. This change is part of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, which focuses on students going directly into PhD programs after completing their Master’s degree.
So, you won’t be able to apply for MPhil courses, You’ll have to apply for a PhD directly after your Master’s degree instead.
You can refer to the relatable blog for more information: What Is An MPhil In Management? Valid Or Not?
Look at some Related Blogs here.
Conclusion
In conclusion, a PhD degree is a good option for students who want to pursue a higher qualification now, as an MPhil Degree is no longer valid in India. If you are passionate about research, want to become a professor, or work in an advanced academic role, then a PhD can be the best choice.
FAQs
Q1: Is an MPhil Degree valid in India?
Ans:No, MPhil programs are no longer valid in India, As per the latest UGC guidelines, students will have to apply directly for a PhD after completing their Master’s degree.
Q2: What is the duration of a PhD and an MPhil?
Ans:: A PhD typically takes about 3 to 6 years to complete, while an MPhil usually takes around 2 to 5 years.
Q3: Is it better to pursue a PhD or go straight into a job?
Ans:. It depends on your goals. If you're interested in research and teaching, a PhD is a great choice. And if you prefer to start working and gain practical experience, then going straight into a job after your Master’s degree could be better for you.
Q4: What is the difference between PhD and MPhil in terms of research?
Ans:A PhD involves original research where you contribute new knowledge to your field. It’s a detailed, long-term process. In contrast, an MPhil is a shorter research project focused on building upon existing knowledge, and it doesn’t require as much original research.
Q5: Can I pursue a PhD without an MPhil?
Ans:Yes, you can pursue a PhD directly after your Master’s degree. The need for an MPhil has been removed in India.