Becoming a judge in India is one of the most respected careers. A judge plays an important role in the judicial system of the country; he is the person who is responsible for providing justice to the people and for maintaining law and order.
If you also want to become a judge in India and you’re pursuing or have completed an LLB degree and aim to join the judiciary as a judge, then this blog is perfect for you, we are going to discuss how to become a judge in India after LLB it’s eligibility criteria, popular exams, salary potential and career growth of a judge in India.
Why Choose a Career as a Judge?
Judges play an important role in making sure justice is done while following the laws. If you are someone who believes in fairness, has a sharp mind, and wants to make a difference in society, then being a judge can be a great option for you.
A judge, it doesn’t matter whether it is a civil court judge, a district judge, a high court judge, or a judge of the Supreme Court, holds an honourable and powerful position in the judicial system. They are responsible for understanding laws, delivering justice, and maintaining law and order in the country.
This role offers career stability, respect in society, job security, and an opportunity to serve society’s growth.
Step-by-Step Guide to Becoming a Judge After LLB
Below is the step-by-step guide on how to become a judge in India after LLB:
1. Complete Your LLB Degree (3-year or 5-year Program)
To become a judge, you must first earn an LLB degree from a Bar Council of India (BCI)-approved law college. It doesn’t matter if you choose a 3-year LLB after graduation or a 5-year integrated law course after 12th, both make you eligible for judicial exams. You just need to make sure your law degree is recognized by the BCI to be eligible for judicial service examinations.
2. Enroll with the State Bar Council (Optional for Judicial Aspirants)
Though not mandatory for all judiciary exams, some states require you to be a registered advocate working in a court. Also, it is always a good idea to register with the State Bar Council after LLB, especially if you plan to gain experience before attempting the exam.
3. Clear the Judicial Services Examination (PCS-J)
To become a Civil Judge (Junior Division), you must clear the Judicial Services Exam, also known as PCS-J (Provincial Civil Services – Judicial), which tests your subjective knowledge and other areas, including your decision-making ability.
4. Understand the Judiciary Exam Pattern
The judiciary exams vary according to the state, but are mainly divided into 3 stages as mentioned below:
- Preliminary Examination (Objective)
The first stage of the examination is a preliminary examination, which usually tests your General knowledge, current affairs, and legal aptitude. It is a qualifying exam in nature.
- Mains Examination (Subjective)
This part contains in-depth questions on Civil Law, Criminal Law, Constitution, Procedural laws, it checks your subjective knowledge in the law field.
- Viva Voce / Interview
This is the last stage of the PCS-J examination, which assesses your legal knowledge, ethics, communication, and decision-making skills.
Preparation Tip: We advise you to begin your preparation during your final year of LLB to maintain closeness with core legal concepts.
5. Prepare for Judiciary Exams Strategically
To crack the judge exam after LLB, you need strong legal knowledge, analytical ability, and writing skills.
Below are some important subjects you need to study to clear this exam:
- Indian Penal Code (IPC)
- Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC)
- Civil Procedure Code (CPC)
- Indian Evidence Act
- Constitution of India
- Contract Law
- Transfer of Property Act
6. Appear for the PCS-J examination
It’s time to appear for the examination, don’t forget to carry your admit card and ID proofs, and be confident while appearing for the examination.
7. Appointment To The Bench
Once you clear the judicial service exam and the interview round, your name is sent forward for selection. The final decision to appoint you as a civil judge is taken by the President of India.
Preparation Tips For The Exam:
- Start by looking at the previous year’s question papers, which will give you an idea about the exam pattern of the examination.
- It is not mandatory, but you can join a judicial coaching institute or opt for online courses on platforms like PW, Judiciary Gold, etc.
- Make a habit of reading the important judgments regularly.
- Now work on improving your writing skills for mains answer writing
- You can practice mock interviews to test your knowledge and preparation.
- Try to solve the previous year’s question papers for better preparation.
- During the preparation, don’t compromise on your health; take at least 7 to 8 hours of sleep daily.
Eligibility Criteria of the PCS-J Exam
- Nationality: You must be an Indian citizen or meet the eligibility rules set by the Government of India.
- Age Limit: To apply for the Civil Judge post, you should be at least 21 years old. The upper age limit is 35 years, it varies from state to state.
- Education: You need to have a law degree (LLB) from a recognized university. The degree must be approved by the Bar Council of India.
What Is The Role Of A Civil Judge?
1.Adjudication of Civil Cases
A civil judge mainly handles civil disputes related to property issues, family matters, contracts and torts. While handling the civil disputes, they listen to both parties, assess the evidence, apply the relevant law and then deliver their verdict over the case while following the law.
2. Application and Interpretation of Law
Also, they are responsible for interpreting legal provisions from time to time from statutes like the CPC (Civil Procedure Code), Transfer of Property Act, and other important provisions, and they apply them correctly to each case.
3. Issuing Orders
Civil judges can issue temporary and permanent orders or legal directions to protect the rights of both parties involved in the case.
4. Maintaining Judicial Procedure and Decorum
A civil judge also makes sure that the courtroom proceedings are conducted in a proper and legal way, and maintains all the judicial discipline and decorum throughout the process.
5. Encouraging Settlement and Mediation
In civil matters, the judges often guide the parties towards settlement or mediation, especially when the dispute can be resolved without following a long process. It saves both time and resources of the parties.
6. Execution of Civil Decrees
When civil judges give their judgment, they make sure that the court orders are implemented, the orders can be like payment of compensation, transfer of property, or any other thing.
7. Record Keeping and Court Management
They supervise the maintenance of court records, cause lists, and also make sure all the documents and proceedings are properly documented for future reference.
8. Promotion of Justice and Protection of Rights
The main role of a civil judge is to protect the legal rights of citizens and to maintain the law. Their decisions can impact lives personally and financially.
Skills Required To Become A Judge In India
- Strong Legal Knowledge – A judge must have a deep understanding of laws, the Constitution, and legal procedures.
- Good Decision-Making Skills – Judges need to analyse cases carefully and make fair decisions based on facts and law.
- Excellent Communication Skills – They must explain legal points clearly in court and write judgments in an easy-to-understand way.
- Patience and Calmness – Court cases can be long and stressful, so a judge needs to stay patient and composed.
- Integrity and Honesty – A judge should always be fair and unbiased, making decisions based on justice, not personal opinions.
- Strong Analytical Skills – Judges must examine case details, listen to arguments, and identify important facts to make the right judgment.
- Time Management – Courts handle many cases every day, so a judge must manage time efficiently and ensure speedy trials.
How Long Does It Take to Become a Judge After LLB?
On average, it takes 1–3 years of focused preparation after LLB to crack the PCS-J exam. Some candidates also choose to gain court experience as advocates before applying.
Some candidates also choose to gain practical court experience by practicing as advocates before appearing for the exam. This not only helps in understanding court proceedings but also improves legal interpretation and drafting skills, both of which are crucial for a judicial role.
Though it may slightly extend the overall time to become a judge, this experience can provide a solid foundation and improve chances of success in both the written exam and the interview stage.
Salary of a Judge in India
A Civil Judge (Junior Division) in India earns a salary between ₹65,000 to ₹1,00,000 per month, depending on the state. This includes allowances, housing, travel benefits, and other perks.
Designation | Average Monthly Salary |
Civil Judge (Junior Division) | ₹65,000 – ₹1,00,000 |
District Judge | ₹1,25,000 – ₹2,00,000 |
High Court Judge | ₹2,25,000+ |
Supreme Court Judge | ₹2,50,000+ |
Career Growth in Judiciary
Starting as a Civil Judge, one can move up to:
- Senior Civil Judge
A judge was promoted from the junior level. Handles more serious civil cases and may also hear appeals from lower courts.
- District Judge
Head of all courts in a district. Deals with both civil and criminal cases. Selected through promotion or higher judicial exams.
- High Court Judge
Works in the state’s High Court. Handles important cases like appeals, writs, and constitutional matters. Appointed by the President of India.
- Supreme Court Judge
Part of the highest court in India. Deals with major constitutional issues and appeals from High Courts. Appointed by the President, usually after years of legal experience.
Note: Promotion depends on performance, seniority, and departmental exams.
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Final Thoughts
Becoming a judge in India after LLB requires dedication, hard work, and a clear understanding of the judicial system. With the right preparation and strategy, you can turn your dream into reality and become a guardian of justice.
Apart from the exam, a judge holds a position of honor, responsibility, and public trust. As a guardian of the Constitution and the rights of citizens, a judge must be fair, unbiased, and committed to justice.
I hope you now know every step to how to become a judge in India after LLB. With the right mindset and preparation, you can proudly serve the nation as a judge and make a meaningful difference in society.
FAQs of Become a Judge in India After LLB
Q1. Can I become a judge directly after LLB?
Ans:Yes, if you meet the eligibility criteria for the Judicial Services Exam, you can become a judge right after your LLB.
Q2. Which exam should I take to become a judge?
Ans:You must take the PCS-J (Judicial Services Exam) conducted by the respective state’s public service commission.
Q3. What is the age limit for judicial exams?
Ans:Generally, the age limit ranges from 21 to 35 years, with relaxations for SC/ST/OBC candidates.
Q4. Is coaching necessary for the judiciary exams?
Ans:Not mandatory, but coaching can provide structure, expert guidance, and improve your chances of selection.
Q.5 How long does it take to become a judge in India?
Ans:The time it takes to become a judge in India varies, but typically it takes around 5-10 years after completing LLB, including preparation for and passing the judicial services examination.